Apparatus for carbonating beverages.



No. 65l,039. Patented June 5, I900.

R. F. HEROLD &. E. F. HAAS.

APPARATUS FOR CARBDNATI NG BEVERAGES.

(Application filed May 18, 1899.)

(No Model.)

fa a

commingled are initially compressed.

UNIT D STATES PATENT Q'FFICE.

ROBERT F. I-IEROLD, oF'sT; Louis, MISSOURI, AND EMIL F. HAAS, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR CARBONATING BEVERAGES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 651,039, dated June 5, 1900.

' Application filed May 18, 1899. Serial No. 717,245. (No model.)

useful Improvement in Apparatus for Carbonating Beverages, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to certain improve ments in apparatus for carrying into effect the process of carbonating beverages for which we filed application for Letters Patent on the 13th day of December, 1897, Serial No.

661,678. That process consists, essentially, in charging the beverage with the required quantity 01: carbonic-acid gas, then subjecting the charged beverage to a pressure suiticient to liquefy carbonic-acid gas in a free state at the subsisting temperature, then cooling the beverage to abstract the heat of compression, and finally reducing the pressure to the desired ultimate pressure. In view of the requirements of the process it is essential that the apparatus for carrying it into effect shall embody means for charging the beverage with the requisite quantity of carbonicacid gas, means for exerting the required compressionupon the charged beverage, means for cooling it after it has been compressed, and means for reducing the pressure to the required degree, and such an apparatus is illustrated partly in elevation and partly in section in the accompanying drawing.

Forthe purposes of this description we shall hereinafter assume the beverage treated to he beer.

In the drawing, A is an initial compressorpump wherein the beer and gas previously The beer enters this compressor-pump from the source of supply through the pipe B, having a valve t and a glass section 8 between the valve t and the compressor-pump A. The carbonic-acid gas is led into the pipe B between the valve i and the glass section 8 by means of a pipe 0, communicating with a carbonic-acid-gas reservoir and provided with a valve 2i and a pressure-gage r. With this arrangement of the parts the mixing of the beer and carbonic-acid gas can be observed in the transparent section 3 and the flow of each regulated as required. It is desirable to have the end of the pipe 0 where it enters the pipe B deflected in the direction of the beer-flow, so that the mixing shall occur with the gas and beer flowing in the same direction. From the initial compressor A the beer is delivered by means of the pipe B to the final compressorD, in which the com mingled beerand gas are subjected to such a pressure as would liquefy carbonic-acid gas in a free state, or.

approximately such a pressure. The pipeB is preferably vertically looped, as shown, and

it is provided at its upper bend with a pres sure-gage'r. From the final compressor D the commingled beer and gas flow through the'pipe B to the cooler E, which consists of a receptacle q for brine or for ammonia or other liquefied-gas expansion, provided at its lower end with a pipe 19, having a valve t and a corresponding valved pipe 10 t at the upper .end for the circulation of the brine orammonia or other gas through the receptacle from a suitable reservoir and a coil 0, inclosed within the brine or gas receptacle and communicating at one end with the pipe 13 and at the other end with a pipe B leading to the pressure-reducer F, which may be in the form of acon'voluted continuation of the pipe B as shown. The coil 0 and pipe B in addition to their other functions, form part of the pressure-reducer, and the pipe B may also be included in the pressure-reducing system. At about the junction of the coil 0 with the pipe B a thermometer nis provided, and for this purpose we provide the T-coupling m, :into one branch of which the thermometer extends, as indicated. The pressure-reducer terminates in a pipe B which leads to a receptacle (not shown) in which the carbonated beer is to be stored. sure of the beer may be determined at various points in its progress, the pipe B near where it leads to the cooler E, is provided In order that the pres- The pressurereducer is providedfive hundred and twenty-nine and onehalf pounds to the square inch, and it is intended that the compressor D shall be adapted to exert this pressure or a higher pressure upon the charged beer. It is not absolutely necessary, however, that the charged beer shall be subjected in the compressor to the full extent of pressure which would serve to liquety free carbonic-acid gas at the subsisting temperature, because if this pressure is approximately attained there it may be aided by the cooler E, and the same effect thereby produced as if the pressure had been somewhat higher or the temperature of the beer somewhat lower at the compressor D. In other words, it is essential that by the combined influence of the compressor and cooler the charged beer shall be subjected to at least such a pressure as would liquef y free carbonic-acid gas, and of course the usual practice of cooling the beer to a lowtemperature before it is commingled with the gas is to be followed.

Beer carbonated by means of the apparatus above described shows the same intimate association between the gas and the beverage as exists when natural impregnation is employed, and thus by means of our apparatus all the objections which have heretofore attached to artificial charging are overcome.

As a rule we pass the beer through a filter before it is commingled with carbonic-acid gas, whereby we obtain the advantage of clarifying it while it is in a still condition. If desired, however, the filtration may take place after the beer leaves the pressure-reducer.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus for carbonating beverages, the combination with a preliminary carbonating device, of a compressor adapted to subject the carbonated beverage to a pressure sufiicient to liquefy free carbonic-acid gas at the subsisting temperature, and a pressure-reducing device for reducing the pressure upon the beverage after it leaves the compressor, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for carbonating beverages, the combination of a mixing device for the liquid and gas, a compressor into which the charged liquid passes, adapted to subject the same to a pressure sufficient to liquefy free carbonic-acid gas at the subsisting temperatu re, a cooler through which the charged liquid passes after leaving the compressor, and a pressure-reducer through which the charged liquid passes after leaving the cooler, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for carbonating beverages, the combination with a compressor for liquid, adapted to subject it to a pressure sufficient to liquefy free carbonic-acid gas at the subsisting temperature, of a valved liquidconduit B entering the compressor and provided with a glass section .9, a valved gascond'uit leading into the liquid-conduit toward the entrance end of the glass section, a cooler into which the charged liquid passes after leaving the compressor, and a pressurereducer through which the charged liquid passes after leaving the cooler, substantially as described.

4. In an apparatus for carbonating beverages, the combination of a mixer for charging the liquid with carbonic-acid gas, an initial compressor A into which the charged liquid passes and wherein it is preliminarily compressed, at final compressor D into which the charged liquid passes from the initial compressor and which is adapted to subject it to a pressure sufiicient to liquefy free carbonicacid gas at the subsisting temperature, a cooler through which the charged liquid passes after leaving the final compressor, and a pressu re-redu cer through which the charged liquid passes after leaving the cooler, substantially as described.

5. In an apparatus for carbonating beverages, the combination with the valved liquidconduit B provided with a glass section s, of a valved gas-conduit C entering the liquidconduit toward the entrance end of the glass section, an initial compressor A into which the charged liquid passes from the conduit l) and wherein it is preliminarily compressed, a

final liquid-compressor D which receives the charged liquid from the initial compressor, and wherein it is further compressed, acooler through which the charged liquid passes after leaving the final compressor, and a pressurereducer through which the charged liquid passes after leaving the cooler, substantially as described.

6. In an apparatus for carbonating beverages, the combination of the valved liquidconduit B provided with the glass section 8, valved gas-conduit C provided with the pressure-gage r and leading into the liquid-conduit toward the entrance end of the glass section, initial compressor Ainto which the liquid-eond uit B leads and wherein the charged liquid is preliminarily compressed, final compressor D connected with the initial compressor by the vertically-looped pipe 13' provided at its upper bend with a pressure-gage r,cooler E connected with the final com pressor D by means of the pipe B provided with a pressure-gage 77*, pipe B leading from the final compressor and provided with the thermometer a and pressure-gage r and pressure-reducer F, connected with the pipe B and provided with a pressure-gage r, and having a pressure-gage upon its outlet, substantially as described.

ROBERT F. HEROLD. EMIL F. IIAAS.

Witnesses as to Robert F. Herold:

EDMUND STUKENBERG, CHAS. BARTLING.

\Vitnesses as to Emil F. Ilaas:

AN'roN JOSEPH lineman,

ANTHONY J. MCCARTY.

ICC

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